Which theory would most likely analyze behavior through the lens of social conflict and inequality?

The chosen answer, which focuses on conflict theory, is accurate because this theoretical framework specifically examines the ways in which social structures create and perpetuate inequalities and conflicts within society. Conflict theory, rooted in the works of Karl Marx, emphasizes how groups compete for resources, power, and status, leading to a society characterized by struggles between different classes or social groups.

This theory directly addresses issues of power dynamics and social stratification, illustrating how the privileged maintain their status at the expense of marginalized groups. It draws attention to the contradictions and conflicts that arise from these inequalities, suggesting that social change is often driven by the conflicts between these competing interests.

In contrast, functionalism sees society as a complex system of interrelated parts, each serving a function to maintain social order and stability. Symbolic interactionism focuses on the day-to-day interactions and meaning-making processes between individuals, largely ignoring broader systemic issues of conflict and inequality. Structuralism, while it examines underlying structures that shape society, does not inherently emphasize conflict in the way conflict theory does. Therefore, conflict theory is the most apt lens for analyzing behavior in relation to social conflict and inequality.