What term describes the phenomenon where organizations become increasingly ruled by a small group with significant power?

The term that describes the phenomenon where organizations become increasingly ruled by a small group with significant power is known as the Iron Law of Oligarchy. This concept, developed by sociologist Robert Michels, posits that in any organization, irrespective of its democratic intentions or structures, there is an inherent tendency for power to become concentrated in the hands of a small elite. This elite often establishes themselves through skill, knowledge, or status, resulting in a gradual marginalization of the larger membership base.

Michels argued that as organizations grow and evolve, the complexity of management and bureaucratic functions necessitates a professional leadership class, which ultimately leads to oligarchic rule. This phenomenon can lead to a disconnect between the elite leaders and the general members, as the decisions made may not reflect the will or needs of the larger group, further entrenching the power dynamics within the organization.

In contrast, the other terms do not directly relate to this specific power dynamic. Meritocracy refers to a system where individuals are rewarded based on their abilities and talents rather than their social class or connections. Hierarchical Control emphasizes a structured ranking and authority within an organization, while Technical Administration pertains more to the management aspect using technical expertise and efficiency rather than focusing on power consolidation dynamics