What is the focus of conflict theory?

The focus of conflict theory is primarily on the dynamics of power and inequality within society. This theoretical perspective emphasizes how different groups within a society compete for limited resources, such as wealth, power, and status. Conflict theorists argue that social structures and institutions are not neutral but are instead shaped by the conflicts between groups, often resulting in social hierarchies based on class, race, gender, and other factors.

This focus allows for an examination of how disparities influence relationships and contribute to societal change. Conflict theory posits that understanding these power imbalances provides insight into the social, political, and economic structures of society, highlighting the struggles of disadvantaged groups against systems of oppression.

While the other options address significant sociological concepts—such as the role of social norms, cultural cohesion, and shared meanings—they do not capture the central tenet of conflict theory, which is concerned with issues of power dynamics and the resulting inequalities that emerge in social relationships. Understanding conflict theory thus requires one to analyze the competition and conflict between groups striving to improve their socio-economic standing.